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Analytical methods
Comparative study	#1	#2	#3	#4
Chromatography	GC	GC	GC	GC
Ion source	EI	EI	EI	EI
Positive/Negative mode	–	–	–	–
Mass analyzer	TOF	TOF	TOF	TOF
Identification level	–	–	–	–

Sample information
Comparative study		#1	#2	#3	#4
Country		US	US	US	US
Specimen		serum	serum	plasma	plasma
Marker function		diagnosis	diagnosis	diagnosis	diagnosis
Participants(Case)	Cancer type	adenocarcinoma	adenocarcinoma	adenocarcinoma	adenocarcinoma
	Stage	I, II, III, IV	I, II, III, IV	I, II, III, IV	I, II, III, IV
	Number	49	43	52	43
	Gender (M,F)	17, 32	21, 22	17, 35	21, 22
	Mean age (range) (M,F)	65.9 ± 9.87	67.3 ± 10.10	65.9 ± 9.66	67.3 ± 10.10
	Smoking status	–	–	–	–
Participants(Control)	Type	healthy	healthy	healthy	healthy
	Number	31.0	43.0	31.0	43.0
	Gender (M,F)	11, 20	21, 22	11, 20	21, 22
	Mean age (range) (M,F)	64.1 ± 8.97	65.9 ± 8.05	64.1 ± 8.97	65.9 ± 8.05
	Smoking status	–	–	–	–

Data processing and metabolite identification
Data processing software	–
Database search	UC Davis Metabolomics BinBase database

Statistics and concentration information
Differential analysis method	regress (by the covariates: age, gender and smoking history [packs per year]), permutation test
Classification method	random forest
Survival analysis method	–