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Clin Chim Acta. 2019 Nov;498:135-142. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.08.017. Epub 2019 Aug 20.
Plasma metabolites Xanthine, 4-Pyridoxate, and d-glutamic acid as novel potential biomarkers for pulmonary tuberculosis.
Huang H, Shi LY, Wei LL, Han YS, Yi WJ, Pan ZW, Jiang TT, Chen J, Tu HH, Li ZB, Hu YT, Li JC.
Analytical methods | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Comparative study | #1 | #2 | |
| Chromatography | LC | LC | |
| Ion source | ESI | ESI | |
| Positive/Negative mode | negative | positive | |
| Mass analyzer | Q-Orbitrap | Q-Orbitrap | |
| Identification level | MS/MS | MS/MS | |
Sample information | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Comparative study | #1 | #2 | |
| Country | China | China | |
| Specimen | plasma | plasma | |
| Marker function | diagnosis | diagnosis | |
| Participants(Case) | Cancer type | lung cancer | lung cancer |
| Stage | – | – | |
| Number | 31 | 31 | |
| Gender (M,F) | 19, 12 | 19, 12 | |
| Mean age (range) (M,F) | 28-64 | 28-64 | |
| Smoking status | – | – | |
| Participants(Control) | Type | healthy | healthy |
| Number | 35 | 35 | |
| Gender (M,F) | 24, 11 | 24, 11 | |
| Mean age (range) (M,F) | 23-60 | 23-60 | |
| Smoking status | – | – | |
Data processing and metabolite identification | |
|---|---|
| Data processing software | XCMS |
| Database search | OSI-SMMS |
Statistical analysis | |
|---|---|
| Differential analysis method | OPLS-DA, Mann-Whitney U test |
| Classification method | – |
| Survival analysis method | – |
Lung cancer-related metabolites identified in the paper
| Metabolite | Author-emphasized biomarkers | Mean concentration (case) | Mean concentration (control) | Fold change (case/control) | P-value | FDR | VIP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L-cysteine-glutathione gisulfide | – | – | – | 3.19 | 2.01e-06 | – | 1.94 |
| 2, 4-diacetylphloroglucinol | – | – | – | 2.78 | 1.17e-11 | – | 2.65 |
| glycoursodeoxycholic acid | – | – | – | 1.88 | 7.35e-03 | – | 1.26 |
| glycoursodeoxycholic acid | – | – | – | 1.70 | 8.75e-03 | – | 1.20 |
| phenylalanine | – | – | – | 1.58 | 1.15e-04 | – | 1.32 |
| 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid | – | – | – | 1.53 | 1.76e-04 | – | 1.52 |
| stearamide | – | – | – | 1.46 | 1.42e-03 | – | 1.29 |
| 6-thioxanthine | – | – | – | 1.36 | 2.42e-04 | – | 1.27 |
| D-mannose | – | – | – | 1.35 | 6.99e-05 | – | 1.82 |
| Dl-P-hydroxyphenyl lactic acid | – | – | – | 1.32 | 4.04e-03 | – | 1.40 |
| D(-)-arginine | – | – | – | 1.30 | 4.56e-04 | – | 1.29 |
| hydroxyphenyllactic acid | – | – | – | 1.30 | 0.01 | – | 1.30 |
| 3-carboxybenzadehyde | – | – | – | 1.25 | 1.49e-03 | – | 1.42 |
| L-tyrosine | – | – | – | 1.25 | 0.01 | – | 1.30 |
| 2-methylmercaptobenzothiazole | – | – | – | 0.89 | 1.68e-03 | – | 1.22 |
| alpha-pinene | – | – | – | 0.88 | 5.51e-05 | – | 1.74 |
| dodecylamine | – | – | – | 0.86 | 1.82e-03 | – | 1.48 |
| cholesteryl laurate | – | – | – | 0.83 | 6.37e-03 | – | 1.22 |
| xanthine | V | – | – | 0.80 | 3.13e-07 | – | 1.89 |
| calcifediol | – | – | – | 0.76 | 1.29e-03 | – | 1.32 |
| D-pantothenic acid | – | – | – | 0.73 | 3.68e-03 | – | 1.30 |
| pyroglutamic acid | – | – | – | 0.69 | 9.47e-04 | – | 1.72 |
| malic acid | – | – | – | 0.69 | 7.49e-04 | – | 1.41 |
| uridine | – | – | – | 0.68 | 1.11e-04 | – | 1.84 |
| 4-pyridoxate | V | – | – | 0.66 | 7.47e-05 | – | 1.31 |
| cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid | – | – | – | 0.66 | 1.68e-03 | – | 1.51 |
| D-(+)-Malic acid | – | – | – | 0.64 | 9.16e-08 | – | 2.03 |
| cis-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid | – | – | – | 0.64 | 4.41e-04 | – | 1.42 |
| docosahexaenoic acid | – | – | – | 0.58 | 2.73e-04 | – | 1.67 |
| threonate | – | – | – | 0.57 | 1.02e-06 | – | 2.06 |
| 3-aminopentanedioic acid | – | – | – | 0.56 | 2.21e-08 | – | 2.13 |
| 10-hydroxydecanoic acid | – | – | – | 0.55 | 3.94e-05 | – | 1.85 |
| 7z,10z,13z-hexadecatrienoic acid | – | – | – | 0.55 | 7.96e-04 | – | 1.46 |
| arachidonic acid | – | – | – | 0.54 | 5.11e-06 | – | 1.97 |
| Dl-glutamic acid | – | – | – | 0.54 | 1.15e-08 | – | 2.17 |
| All-cis-4,7,10,13,16-docosapentaenoic acid | – | – | – | 0.53 | 4.22e-04 | – | 1.59 |
| canthaxanthine | – | – | – | 0.53 | 1.28e-04 | – | 1.68 |
| L-pyroglutamic acid | – | – | – | 0.52 | 8.00e-07 | – | 2.07 |
| Phe-Phe | – | – | – | 0.49 | 9.42e-05 | – | 1.82 |
| 10-undecenoic acid | – | – | – | 0.44 | 1.91e-06 | – | 2.14 |
| 2-aminopropanol | – | – | – | 0.44 | 0.02 | – | 1.48 |
| D-Glu | V | – | – | 0.42 | 4.05e-03 | – | 1.75 |
| 5-pregnane-3,20-dione | – | – | – | 0.42 | 0.04 | – | 1.58 |
| butylamine | – | – | – | 0.41 | 2.38e-08 | – | 2.08 |
| glycerophosphoric acid | – | – | – | 0.32 | 1.17e-08 | – | 2.59 |
| 3-methylcrotonyl glycine | – | – | – | 0.29 | 9.85e-03 | – | 1.59 |
| hypoxanthine | – | – | – | 0.28 | 1.83e-07 | – | 2.43 |
| 8(R)-hydroxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid | – | – | – | 0.27 | 1.08e-04 | – | 2.33 |
| hypoxanthine | – | – | – | 0.24 | 2.12e-07 | – | 2.69 |
| inosine | – | – | – | 0.20 | 6.44e-06 | – | 2.34 |
| N-oleoylethanolamine | – | – | – | 0.05 | 1.07e-07 | – | 2.56 |
| inosine | – | – | – | 0.03 | 1.99e-04 | – | 2.01 |
| N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine | – | – | – | 0.02 | 5.37e-08 | – | 2.44 |
| Metabolite | Author-emphasized biomarkers | Cutoff value | AUROC (95%CI) | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | Accuracy (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L-cysteine-glutathione gisulfide | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2, 4-diacetylphloroglucinol | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| glycoursodeoxycholic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| glycoursodeoxycholic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| phenylalanine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| stearamide | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 6-thioxanthine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| D-mannose | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Dl-P-hydroxyphenyl lactic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| D(-)-arginine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| hydroxyphenyllactic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 3-carboxybenzadehyde | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| L-tyrosine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2-methylmercaptobenzothiazole | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| alpha-pinene | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| dodecylamine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| cholesteryl laurate | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| xanthine | V | – | – | – | – | – |
| calcifediol | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| D-pantothenic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| pyroglutamic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| malic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| uridine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 4-pyridoxate | V | – | – | – | – | – |
| cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| D-(+)-Malic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| cis-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| docosahexaenoic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| threonate | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 3-aminopentanedioic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 10-hydroxydecanoic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 7z,10z,13z-hexadecatrienoic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| arachidonic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Dl-glutamic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| All-cis-4,7,10,13,16-docosapentaenoic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| canthaxanthine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| L-pyroglutamic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Phe-Phe | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 10-undecenoic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2-aminopropanol | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| D-Glu | V | – | – | – | – | – |
| 5-pregnane-3,20-dione | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| butylamine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| glycerophosphoric acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 3-methylcrotonyl glycine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| hypoxanthine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 8(R)-hydroxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| hypoxanthine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| inosine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| N-oleoylethanolamine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| inosine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Paper graphical summary
