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Citation Information
J Proteomics. 2016 Aug 11;145:197-206. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.05.030. Epub 2016 May 30.
Metabolic profiling of potential lung cancer biomarkers using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the integrated direct infusion/ gas chromatography mass spectrometry platform.
Callejón-Leblic B, García-Barrera T, Grávalos-Guzmán J, Pereira-Vega A, Gómez-Ariza JL.
Analytical methods | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Comparative study | #1 | #2 | |
| Chromatography | DI | GC | |
| Ion source | ESI | EI | |
| Positive/Negative mode | positive | – | |
| Mass analyzer | Q-TOF | ion trap | |
| Identification level | MS/MS | – | |
Sample information | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Comparative study | #1 | #2 | |
| Country | Spain | Spain | |
| Specimen | bronchoalveolar lavage fluid | bronchoalveolar lavage fluid | |
| Marker function | diagnosis | diagnosis | |
| Participants(Case) | Cancer type | lung cancer | lung cancer |
| Stage | – | – | |
| Number | 24 | 24 | |
| Gender (M,F) | 16, 8 | 16, 8 | |
| Mean age (range) (M,F) | 66 ± 11 | 66 ± 11 | |
| Smoking status | – | – | |
| Participants(Control) | Type | noncancerous lung diseases | noncancerous lung diseases |
| Number | 31 | 31 | |
| Gender (M,F) | 23, 8 | 23, 8 | |
| Mean age (range) (M,F) | 56 ± 13 | 56 ± 13 | |
| Smoking status | – | – | |
Data processing and metabolite identification | |
|---|---|
| Data processing software | XCMS |
| Database search | NIST Mass Spectral Library |
Statistical analysis | |
|---|---|
| Differential analysis method | PLS-LDA, one-way ANOVA |
| Classification method | ROC curve analysis |
| Survival analysis method | – |
Lung cancer-related metabolites identified in the paper
| Metabolite | Author-emphasized biomarkers | Mean concentration (case) | Mean concentration (control) | Fold change (case/control) | P-value | FDR | VIP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| adenine | V | – | – | 1.92 | 0.04 | – | 1.27 |
| acetic acid | – | – | – | 1.71 | 0.05 | – | 1.93 |
| phosphocholine | – | – | – | 1.48 | 0.05 | – | 2.09 |
| palmitic acid | – | – | – | 1.37 | 8.00e-03 | – | 2.11 |
| stearic acid | – | – | – | 1.36 | 0.02 | – | 1.88 |
| carnitine | V | – | – | 0.92 | 0.02 | – | 2.67 |
| PE(16:0/18:0) | – | – | – | 0.90 | 0.02 | – | 1.04 |
| PE(18:1/18:0) | – | – | – | 0.88 | 0.02 | – | 1.36 |
| PPE(18:0/20:4) | – | – | – | 0.86 | 0.05 | – | 1.24 |
| PPE(18:1/20:4) | – | – | – | 0.86 | 0.03 | – | 1.41 |
| LPC(18:2) | – | – | – | 0.86 | 0.02 | – | 1.10 |
| PE(18:0/18:0) | – | – | – | 0.85 | 6.00e-03 | – | 1.64 |
| L-glutamate | – | – | – | 0.84 | 0.02 | – | 1.58 |
| pyroglutamate | – | – | – | 0.83 | 0.04 | – | 1.01 |
| PC(18:1/18:1) | – | – | – | 0.80 | 0.04 | – | 1.14 |
| L-arginine | – | – | – | 0.80 | 0.04 | – | 1.43 |
| L-serine | – | – | – | 0.78 | 0.04 | – | 1.31 |
| oleic acid | – | – | – | 0.78 | 0.02 | – | 1.45 |
| creatine | – | – | – | 0.76 | 0.03 | – | 1.53 |
| urea | – | – | – | 0.74 | 0.05 | – | 1.30 |
| LPS(18:0) | – | – | – | 0.72 | 1.00e-03 | – | 1.63 |
| acetylcarnitine | – | – | – | 0.71 | 0.01 | – | 1.71 |
| glycerophosphocholine | – | – | – | 0.70 | 0.02 | – | 1.14 |
| L-proline | – | – | – | 0.68 | 0.04 | – | 1.01 |
| LPC(22:5) | – | – | – | 0.68 | 0.04 | – | 1.60 |
| choline | V | – | – | 0.68 | 0.01 | – | 2.41 |
| galactose | – | – | – | 0.63 | 0.04 | – | 2.10 |
| inosytol | – | – | – | 0.63 | 0.03 | – | 1.17 |
| lactic acid | – | – | – | 0.62 | 0.01 | – | 1.96 |
| acetylcholine | – | – | – | 0.61 | 0.03 | – | 1.67 |
| PC(16:0/16:0) | – | – | – | 0.60 | 0.05 | – | 1.69 |
| L-glycine | – | – | – | 0.60 | 0.02 | – | 1.49 |
| glycerol | V | – | – | 0.59 | 4.00e-03 | – | 2.18 |
| fructose | – | – | – | 0.58 | 0.02 | – | 1.66 |
| L-valine | – | – | – | 0.57 | 0.04 | – | 1.87 |
| isocitric acid | – | – | – | 0.53 | 0.02 | – | 1.67 |
| L-glutamine | – | – | – | 0.50 | 0.03 | – | 1.44 |
| L-aspartate | – | – | – | 0.48 | 0.05 | – | 1.35 |
| cholesterol | – | – | – | 0.47 | 0.02 | – | 1.55 |
| phosphoric acid | V | – | – | 0.42 | 0.05 | – | 2.12 |
| inosine | – | – | – | 0.36 | 0.04 | – | 1.02 |
| benzoic acid | – | – | – | 0.21 | 0.05 | – | 1.01 |
| Metabolite | Author-emphasized biomarkers | Cutoff value | AUROC (95%CI) | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | Accuracy (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| adenine | V | – | 0.82 | – | – | – |
| acetic acid | – | – | 0.52 | – | – | – |
| phosphocholine | – | – | 0.67 | – | – | – |
| palmitic acid | – | – | 0.69 | – | – | – |
| stearic acid | – | – | 0.64 | – | – | – |
| carnitine | V | – | 0.87 | – | – | – |
| PE(16:0/18:0) | – | – | 0.59 | – | – | – |
| PE(18:1/18:0) | – | – | 0.59 | – | – | – |
| PPE(18:0/20:4) | – | – | 0.52 | – | – | – |
| PPE(18:1/20:4) | – | – | 0.55 | – | – | – |
| LPC(18:2) | – | – | 0.5 | – | – | – |
| PE(18:0/18:0) | – | – | 0.56 | – | – | – |
| L-glutamate | – | – | 0.51 | – | – | – |
| pyroglutamate | – | – | 0.57 | – | – | – |
| PC(18:1/18:1) | – | – | 0.51 | – | – | – |
| L-arginine | – | – | 0.53 | – | – | – |
| L-serine | – | – | 0.53 | – | – | – |
| oleic acid | – | – | 0.54 | – | – | – |
| creatine | – | – | 0.6 | – | – | – |
| urea | – | – | 0.54 | – | – | – |
| LPS(18:0) | – | – | 0.58 | – | – | – |
| acetylcarnitine | – | – | 0.71 | – | – | – |
| glycerophosphocholine | – | – | 0.52 | – | – | – |
| L-proline | – | – | 0.63 | – | – | – |
| LPC(22:5) | – | – | 0.61 | – | – | – |
| choline | V | – | 0.78 | – | – | – |
| galactose | – | – | 0.68 | – | – | – |
| inosytol | – | – | 0.58 | – | – | – |
| lactic acid | – | – | 0.65 | – | – | – |
| acetylcholine | – | – | 0.57 | – | – | – |
| PC(16:0/16:0) | – | – | 0.56 | – | – | – |
| L-glycine | – | – | 0.74 | – | – | – |
| glycerol | V | – | 0.88 | – | – | – |
| fructose | – | – | 0.6 | – | – | – |
| L-valine | – | – | 0.66 | – | – | – |
| isocitric acid | – | – | 0.57 | – | – | – |
| L-glutamine | – | – | 0.66 | – | – | – |
| L-aspartate | – | – | 0.74 | – | – | – |
| cholesterol | – | – | 0.72 | – | – | – |
| phosphoric acid | V | – | 0.79 | – | – | – |
| inosine | – | – | 0.63 | – | – | – |
| benzoic acid | – | – | 0.52 | – | – | – |
Paper graphical summary
